Which factor is NOT a component of total cost of ownership?

The total cost of ownership (TCO) is a comprehensive assessment that includes all costs associated with acquiring, owning, and disposing of a product or service over its entire lifecycle. The components typically considered in TCO include the purchase price, operational costs, and disposal costs, among other factors that directly relate to the ongoing expenses of owning an asset.

The purchase price reflects the initial expenditure incurred to acquire the product, while operational costs encompass expenses related to the usage and maintenance of the asset during its operational life. Disposal costs are the expenses incurred at the end of an asset's life, such as recycling, disposal, or refurbishment costs.

Marketing expenses, on the other hand, are not a direct component of TCO. While marketing may play a role in the overall business strategy and revenue generation, it does not impact the costs related to ownership of a product or service. Therefore, it is accurately identified as a factor that does not contribute to the calculation of total cost of ownership.